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This article provides an overview of the basics of criminal law and explains how it protects citizens. What is Criminal Law? Criminal law is a branch of the law that punishes offenders for committing crimes against society. It is the system of rules by which citizens are held accountable for their actions, and serves as a deterrent to criminal behavior. Types of Crimes Crimes can be broken down into two categories: misdemeanors and felonies. Misdemeanors are minor infractions such as shoplifting, public intoxication, or disorderly conduct, while felonies are major crimes such as murder, rape, or arson. The Criminal Justice System The criminal justice system is the network of professionals, laws, and processes that work together to investigate, prosecute, and convict people accused of breaking the law. It includes law enforcement officers, prosecutors, defense attorneys, judges, and correctional personnel. How Criminal Law Protects Citizens Criminal law protects citizens by punishing those who break the law and discouraging others from doing so. It also provides victims with restitution for their losses. Additionally, criminal law acts as a deterrent to criminals by making them aware of the consequences of their actions.